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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseHarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#243  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#180  Overall
#31  Document stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.harperdb.iowww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrockset.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.harperdb.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.rockset.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFirebird FoundationHarperDBMicrosoftRockset
Initial release20082000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201719892019
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20245.0.1, August 20243.1, August 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infofree community edition availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC and C++Node.jsC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyesdynamic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoingestion from XML files supported
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesSQL-like data manipulation statementsyesRead-only SQL queries, including JOINs
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clustertables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationAutomatic sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraFirebirdHarperDBMicrosoft SQL ServerRockset
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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