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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. GraphDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. GraphDB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.81
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#99  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.ontotext.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdgraph.io/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationtypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDgraph Labs, Inc.OntotextVaticle
Initial release2008201620002016
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.4, October 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"yesnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectno infoPlanned for future releasesDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDgraphGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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