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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. HBase vs. MongoDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. HBase vs. MongoDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMongoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed Database based on LuceneWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableOne of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Search engine infointegrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS infoTime Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS infocurrently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score104.59
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.76
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#18  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score31.60
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score424.53
Rank#5  Overall
#1  Document stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcratedb.comhbase.apache.orgwww.mongodb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcratedb.com/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmlwww.mongodb.com/­docs/­manual
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCrateApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMongoDB, Inc
Initial release2008201320082009
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 20216.0.7, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoMongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free, schema definition possibleschema-free infoAlthough schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infostring, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoRead-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Actionscript infounofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure infounofficial driver
ColdFusion infounofficial driver
D infounofficial driver
Dart infounofficial driver
Delphi infounofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy infounofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp infounofficial driver
Lua infounofficial driver
MatLab infounofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell infounofficial driver
Prolog infounofficial driver
Python
R infounofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk infounofficial driver
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)yes infoCoprocessors in JavaJavaScript
Triggersyesnoyesyes infoin MongoDB Atlas only
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingSharding infoPartitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infocan be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency infodefault behaviour
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategySingle row ACID (across millions of columns)Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infooptional, enabled by default
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoIn-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectrights management via user accountsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCrateDBHBaseMongoDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
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MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
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AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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See CrateDB pricing >
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MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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