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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. SQLite vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. SQLite vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score104.59
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.33
Rank#290  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
Score118.16
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvwww.sqlite.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apiwww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCloudflareDwayne Richard HippStardog-Union
Initial release20132008201820002010
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.1.3, July 20233.45.2  (12 March 2024), March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageC++JavaCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infodynamic column typesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenononouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"nonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCassandraCloudflare Workers KVSQLiteStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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