DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. ClickHouse vs. InfluxDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. ClickHouse vs. InfluxDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.29
Rank	#95	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	103.86
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	16.20
Rank	#37	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	26.56
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

clickhouse.com

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

clickhouse.com/docs

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Clickhouse Inc.

Initial release

2012

2008

2016

2013

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

v23.12.1.1368-stable, December 2023

2.7.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

key based and custom

Sharding

in enterprise version only

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

simple rights management via user accounts

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
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Licensing and pricing models

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Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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