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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Distributed Database based on LuceneEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeRDF storeVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.69
Rank#237  Overall
#34  Key-value stores
Score0.76
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#18  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#100  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score0.72
Rank#234  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.00
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcratedb.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperCrateGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Weaviate B.V.
Initial release20132013201120042019
Current release1.23, February 20211.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++JavaGo
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynonoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)noyesno
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelnonenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnorights management via user accountsnonoAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBCrateDBLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameWeaviate
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
BoltDBCrateDBLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameWeaviate
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