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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Distributed Database based on LuceneEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeKey-value storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#224  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score0.73
Rank#229  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.33
Rank#118  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcratedb.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbrdf4j.org
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.lmdb.tech/­docrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCrateGoogleSymasSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20132013201120112004
Current release1.23, February 20210.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++CJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynonono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)nonoyes
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelnonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnorights management via user accountsnonono
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBCrateDBLevelDBLMDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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BoltDBCrateDBLevelDBLMDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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