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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
RDF storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.79
Rank#222  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score0.72
Rank#234  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.59
Rank#157  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Score4.39
Rank#82  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#44  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteblazegraph.comrdf4j.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperBlazegraphSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005OpenLink Software
Initial release2006200419981998
Current release2.1.5, March 201911 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagenoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesPL/SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BlazegraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTenVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BlazegraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTenVirtuoso
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