DBMS > Badger vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Badger vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.20
Rank	#325	Overall
	#49	Key-value stores

Score	1.76
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	645.05
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#106	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

github.com/dgraph-io/badger

www.datomic.com

www.postgresql.org

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

godoc.org/github.com/dgraph-io/badger

docs.datomic.com

www.postgresql.org/docs

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

DGraph Labs

Cognitect

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

2017

2012

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2009

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

16.2, February 2024

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

users and table-level permissions

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services

3rd parties

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