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DBMS > Axibase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Axibase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAxibase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualizationGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.32
Rank#288  Overall
#25  Time Series DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#106  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websiteaxibase.com/­docs/­atsd/­financecloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.compingcap.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperAxibase CorporationGoogleMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20132015201920092016
Current release15585cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 20207.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoCommunity Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paidcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoshort, integer, long, float, double, decimal, stringnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsnoAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissionsFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
AxibaseGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
AxibaseGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBTiDB
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