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DBMS > Axibase vs. Google BigQuery vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Axibase vs. Google BigQuery vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAxibase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualizationLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.32
Rank#288  Overall
#25  Time Series DBMS
Score61.90
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaxibase.com/­docs/­atsd/­financecloud.google.com/­bigquerygithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroiclearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAxibase CorporationGoogleSpotifyMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release20132010201419891998
Current release15585SQL Server 2022, November 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoCommunity Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paidcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoshort, integer, long, float, double, decimal, stringyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesnonoyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AxibaseGoogle BigQueryHeroicMicrosoft SQL ServerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
AxibaseGoogle BigQueryHeroicMicrosoft SQL ServerVirtuoso
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