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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Search engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.30
Rank#82  Overall
#14  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#10  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.76
Rank#99  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Websitearangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.com
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagramLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.ElasticGoogleOntotext
Initial release2012201020172000
Current release3.11.5, November 20238.6, January 202310.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptyesnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0ShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checking
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
News

GraphDB in Action: Using Semantics To Push The Envelope Of Software Engineering, Machine Learning, and E-Health Domains
11 September 2024

Accelerating End-to-end Knowledge Graph Solutions with Ontotext’s LinkedLifeData Inventory: The Case of Target Discovery
30 August 2024

Using Entity Linking to Turn Your Graph into a Knowledge Graph
23 August 2024

Considerations to Creating a Graph Center of Excellence: 5 Elements to Ensure Success
22 August 2024

The Power of Knowledge Graphs – A Chat with Perfect Memory and Ontotext
16 August 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
ArangoDBElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
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Recent citations in the news

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30 May 2023, Datanami

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Ontotext Platform 3.0 for Enterprise Knowledge Graphs Released
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