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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Search engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.77
Rank#87  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgarangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.arangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagram
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaArangoDB Inc.ElasticFoundationDBApache Software Foundation
Initial release20132012201020132014
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.11.5, November 20238.6, January 20236.2.28, November 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infosince version 2.0ShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allLinearizable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnoin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyesnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaArangoDBElasticsearchFoundationDBSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaArangoDBElasticsearchFoundationDBSpark SQL
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