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DBMS > Apache Solr vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch

System Properties Comparison Apache Solr vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Solr  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score32.40
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score2.82
Rank#89  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score128.08
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
#1  Vector DBMS
Websitesolr.apache.orgarangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearch
Technical documentationsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.arangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationArangoDB Inc.Elastic
Initial release200620122010
Current release9.6.1, May 20243.11.5, November 20238.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoElastic License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSolr Parallel SQL InterfacenoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava pluginsJavaScriptyes
Triggersyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' feature
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infosince version 2.0Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptES-Hadoop Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataoptimistic lockingACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlyesyes

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More resources
Apache SolrArangoDBElasticsearch
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Recent citations in the news

(SOLR) Long Term Investment Analysis
22 April 2025, news.stocktradersdaily.com

Migrate from Apache Solr to OpenSearch
18 July 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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Flexible Searching with Solr and Sunspot
7 November 2024, SitePoint

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(PDF) A Benchmark for Performance Evaluation of a Multi-Model Database vs. Polyglot Persistence
12 December 2024, ResearchGate

ArangoDB raises $10 million for NoSQL database management
14 March 2019, VentureBeat

ArangoDB Boosts Performance and Usability Across Search, Graph, and Analytics with Release of ArangoDB 3.11
30 May 2023, PRWeb

Graph, machine learning, hype, and beyond: ArangoDB open source multi-model database releases version 3.7
27 August 2020, ZDNet

Here's the pitch deck a German software startup used to raise $10 million to move to San Francisco and take on Oracle
23 June 2019, Business Insider

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Elastic Delivers Performance Gains for Users Running Elasticsearch on Google Axion Processors
10 April 2025, Business Wire

Amazon OpenSearch Service announces Standard and Extended Support dates for Elasticsearch and OpenSearch versions
7 November 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Elasticsearch will be open source again as CTO declares changed landscape
2 September 2024, devclass

Elastic Delivers Performance Gains for Users Running Elasticsearch on Google Axion Processors
10 April 2025, Yahoo Finance

Elasticsearch Was Great, But Vector Databases Are the Future
18 November 2024, The New Stack

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