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DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used in-process key-value storeSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.58
Rank#244  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Score2.10
Rank#126  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#114  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitepinot.apache.orggithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.heavy.aidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsHEAVY.AI, Inc.MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleAlessandro Furieri
Initial release20152016201919942008
Current release1.0.0, September 20235.10, January 2022cloud service with continuous releases18.1.40, May 20205.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++ and CUDAC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherLinuxhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningSharding infoRound robinSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono

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More resources
Apache PinotHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Berkeley DBSpatiaLite
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