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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#130  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#118  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgwww.lmdb.tech/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationSymasPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation
Initial release201420111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20190.9.32, January 202416.2, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCCScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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