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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#130  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score61.90
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score11.40
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.postgresql.orgwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release201420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2005
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 201916.2, February 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixGoogle BigQueryPostgreSQLVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Apache PhoenixGoogle BigQueryPostgreSQLVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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