DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Milvus vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Milvus vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.02
Rank	#130	Overall
	#63	Relational DBMS

Score	61.90
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	3.58
Rank	#92	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	1.81
Rank	#144	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#344	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

cloud.google.com/bigtable

milvus.io

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Initial release

2014

2010

2015

2019

2009

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

2.3.4, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

RESTful HTTP API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Atomic single-row operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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