DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.85
Rank#86  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmljena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleSpotifyAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132000201720142012
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.9.0, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache License, Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Fuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnonoyes
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlernonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoTDB TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess control via Jena SecurityAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaApache Jena - TDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicTitan
DB-Engines blog posts

Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years
3 March 2015, Paul Andlinger

Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category
21 January 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Sparql Secrets In Jena-Fuseki - DataScienceCentral.com
24 July 2022, Data Science Central

A catalogue with semantic annotations makes multilabel datasets FAIR | Scientific Reports
4 May 2022, Nature.com

Comparing Grakn to Semantic Web Technologies — Part 1/3 | by Tomas Sabat
26 June 2020, Towards Data Science

MarkLogic Hones Its Triple Store
18 August 2015, Datanami

How relevant is data analytics to businesses today?
21 August 2016, The Sociable

provided by Google News

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

provided by Google News

Review: Google Bigtable scales with ease
7 September 2016, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

Beyond Titan: The Evolution of DataStax's New Graph Database
21 June 2016, Datanami

Amazon DynamoDB Storage Backend for Titan: Distributed Graph Database | Amazon Web Services
24 August 2015, AWS Blog

DataStax acquires Aurelius, the startup behind the Titan graph database
3 February 2015, VentureBeat

DSE Graph review: Graph database does double duty
14 November 2019, InfoWorld

5 Q's with Graph Database Expert Marko Rodriguez – Center for Data Innovation
9 November 2013, Center for Data Innovation

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Ontotext logo

GraphDB allows you to link diverse data, index it for semantic search and enrich it via text analysis to build big knowledge graphs. Get it free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here