DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

RDF store

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.85
Rank	#86	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	2.73
Rank	#108	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.83
Rank	#141	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

acquired by Google 2014

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2000

2012

2010

2014

2017

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

yes

atomic operations within a document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

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