DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. RDFox vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. RDFox vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.19
Rank	#176	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#309	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	7.71
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

www.h2database.com

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

realm.io

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Thomas Mueller

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2018

2005

2017

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java

C
Java

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

replication via a shared file system

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

yes

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More resources

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