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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.19
Rank#176  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score8.96
Rank#48  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleKineticaMicrosoftMireo
Initial release20182017201220192020
Current release1.1.0, April 20237.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedLinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparkUsing Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Access rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Apache IoTDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTime
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