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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed Database based on LuceneAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.19
Rank#176  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#229  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#265  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcratedb.comwww.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcratedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCrateBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Microsoft
Initial release20182013199920162014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release1.1.0, April 2023V8.0, August 202110 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and JavaC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityStandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions (Javascript)user defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functions
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBCrateDBKingbaseMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XL
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBCrateDBKingbaseMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XL
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