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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Realm vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Realm vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.19
Rank#176  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score7.71
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgrealm.iogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmliotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablerealm.io/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132018200520142012
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaErlangJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenonono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesView functions in JavaScriptno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Apache ImpalaApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"RealmTitan
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