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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Cachelot.io vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Cachelot.io vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCachelot.io  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkIn-memory caching systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.19
Rank#176  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#64  Key-value stores
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcachelot.iowww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20182015201020191998
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoSimplified BSD LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
LinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Memcached protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)noneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparknonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
noneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache IoTDBCachelot.ioCitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimesTen
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