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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score11.30
Rank#41  Overall
#25  Relational DBMS
Score659.62
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.23
Rank#162  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.4, August 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache ImpalaPostgreSQLVoltDB
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