DBMS > Apache HugeGraph vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache HugeGraph vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.17
Rank	#317	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Score	2.71
Rank	#91	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	667.25
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

orientdb.org

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Baidu

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

2018

2010

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

0.9

3.2.29, March 2024

16.4, August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Unix

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Java, Javascript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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