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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.29
Rank#95  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.32
Rank#290  Overall
#132  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsElasticGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2012201020142010
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.6, January 20232.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoJava, Javascript
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureUsing read-only observersHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Apache DruidElasticsearchLovefieldOrientDB
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