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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. EJDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. EJDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.29
Rank#95  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.30
Rank#294  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerSoftmotionsMicrosoft
Initial release20122013200520122016
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPLv2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++ErlangCC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lesshosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIin-process shared libraryADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptnoTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoRead/Write Lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoyes

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Apache DruidApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"EJDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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