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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.33
Rank#99  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#129  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score125.38
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release201220102014
Current release29.0.0, February 20248.1, December 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
Triggersnoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusSnowflake
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Recent citations in the news

Part 1: Apache Druid for real-time OLAP | by Subhashini | Mar, 2024
28 March 2024, Medium

Part 2: Apache Druid on Kubernetes | by Subhashini | Mar, 2024
28 March 2024, Medium

Apache Druid Wins Best Big Data Product in the 2023 BigDATAwire Readers' Choice Awards
26 January 2024, Datanami

'Lucifer' Botnet Turns Up the Heat on Apache Hadoop Servers
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27 March 2024, Business Wire

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