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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A relational database management system that stores data in columns
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.29
Rank#95  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.monetdb.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.monetdb.org/­Documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMonetDB BV
Initial release2012200820172004
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL 2003 with some extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes, in SQL, C, R
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding via remote tables
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental status
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerMonetDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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