DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.29
Rank	#95	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#325	Overall
	#49	Key-value stores

Score	2.96
Rank	#103	Overall
	#18	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	1.46
Rank	#159	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

impala.apache.org

github.com/dgraph-io/badger

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

godoc.org/github.com/dgraph-io/badger

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

DGraph Labs

Oracle

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2012

2013

2017

2011

2010

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

23.3, December 2023

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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