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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Elasticsearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Elasticsearch vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Search engineGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.28
Rank#119  Overall
#23  Document stores
#56  Relational DBMS
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationElasticMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2012201020102019
Current release1.20.3, January 20238.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava.NET and C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM.NEThosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceMemcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DrillElasticsearchGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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