DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.28
Rank	#119	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	4.87
Rank	#74	Overall
	#4	Time Series DBMS

Website

drill.apache.org

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.timescale.com

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.timescale.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Microsoft

Timescale

Initial release

2012

2013

2008

2014

2017

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

7.2.4, September 2012

2.13.0, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C++

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C++
Java
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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