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DBMS > Apache Doris vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Doris  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocolAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.61
Rank#235  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitedoris.apache.org
github.com/­apache/­doris
duckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrealm.io
Technical documentationgithub.com/­apache/­doris/­wikiduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from BaiduMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release2017201820192014
Current release1.2.2, February 20231.0.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-lesshostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MySQL client
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Apache DorisDuckDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRealm
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