DBMS > Apache Doris vs. Apache Kylin vs. Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. Apache Kylin vs. Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocol

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.69
Rank	#237	Overall
	#108	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#175	Overall
	#80	Relational DBMS

Score	103.86
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Website

doris.apache.org
github.com/apache/doris

kylin.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

github.com/apache/doris/wiki

kylin.apache.org/docs

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

dgraph.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from Baidu

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2017

2015

2008

2016

2010

Current release

1.2.2, February 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

4.1.3, July 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MySQL client

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Key customers

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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

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