DBMS > Apache Derby vs. Apache Druid vs. DuckDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Derby vs. Apache Druid vs. DuckDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.04
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	3.18
Rank	#84	Overall
	#45	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.44
Rank	#44	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

druid.apache.org

duckdb.org

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

duckdb.org/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Initial release

1997

2012

2018

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

30.0.0, June 2024

1.0.0, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL for querying

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Derby Vulnerability Let Attackers Bypass Authentication with LDAP Injection
3 March 2025, CybersecurityNews

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19 January 2023, infoq.com

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21 February 2022, Blocks and Files

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