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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.
Primary database modelWide column storeSearch engine
Vector DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score108.05
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score123.81
Rank#9  Overall
#1  Search engines
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#197  Overall
#32  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdb
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdb
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookElasticFoundationDB
Initial release200820102013
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20248.6, January 20236.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free infosome layers support schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer only
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesin SQL-layer only
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allLinearizable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer only
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraElasticsearchFoundationDB
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More resources
Apache CassandraElasticsearchFoundationDB
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Recent citations in the news

Best practices for running Apache Cassandra with Amazon EBS
8 November 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

IBM plans to buy open source Cassandra wrangler DataStax
25 February 2025, theregister.com

Apache Cassandra survey highlights growing adoption for AI workloads
11 November 2024, Blocks and Files

New Apache Cassandra 5.0 gives open source NoSQL database a scalability and performance boost
6 September 2024, VentureBeat

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OpenSearch in 2025: Much more than an Elasticsearch fork
28 April 2025, InfoWorld

Amazon OpenSearch Service announces Standard and Extended Support dates for Elasticsearch and OpenSearch versions
7 November 2024, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Elasticsearch 7.0 rc1 releases with new allocation and security features
10 May 2025, Packt

OpenSearch 3.0 hits: First major release under Linux Foundation as it battles ElasticSearch for mindshare
7 May 2025, devclass

Elasticsearch Now Available as a Native Grounding Engine on Google Cloud’s Vertex AI Platform
9 April 2025, Business Wire

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Apple Acquires Durable Database Company FoundationDB
24 March 2015, TechCrunch

FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore
25 July 2020, Apple Machine Learning Research

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, theregister.com

FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project
19 April 2018, GeekWire

provided by Google News



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