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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Druid vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Druid vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score106.65
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.79
Rank#89  Overall
#49  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.56
Rank#139  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdruid.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation and contributorsVesoft Inc.
Initial release200820122019
Current release5.0-rc1, July 202430.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL for queryingSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions
Triggersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache DruidNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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More resources
Apache CassandraApache DruidNebulaGraph
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