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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Derby vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Derby vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score106.65
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.42
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#314  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbygithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release200819972019
Current release5.0-rc1, July 202410.17.1.0, November 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaClojure
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBCHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Proceduresno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"nonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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More resources
Apache CassandraApache Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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Facebook’s Database Handling Billions of Messages (Apache Cassandra® Deep Dive)
11 March 2025, substack.com

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25 February 2025, The Register

Best practices for running Apache Cassandra with Amazon EBS
8 November 2024, AWS Blog

New Apache Cassandra 5.0 gives open source NoSQL database a scalability and performance boost
6 September 2024, VentureBeat

IBM to acquire DataStax, helping clients bring the power of unstructured data to enterprise AI applications
25 February 2025, IBM

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