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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score123.20
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.snowflake.comwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.Mireo
Initial release2012198920142020
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionyesReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationyes

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft SQL ServerSnowflakeSpaceTime
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