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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score29.85
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#42  Time Series DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.42
Rank#161  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbnsdb.iowww.postgresql.orgvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVictoriaMetrics
Initial release2012201420171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release16.2, February 2024v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJava, ScalaCGo
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestrictedyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesUsing Apache Luceneyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNSDbPostgreSQLVictoriaMetrics
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