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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2012200120162014
Current release11.0, December 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++Scala
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyes infoSQL92yesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
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