DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. HarperDB vs. InfluxDB vs. Lovefield vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. HarperDB vs. InfluxDB vs. Lovefield vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#252	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	26.56
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.32
Rank	#290	Overall
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	4.20
Rank	#83	Overall
	#14	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#45	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.harperdb.io

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

google.github.io/lovefield

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.harperdb.io/docs

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

HarperDB

Google

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2012

2017

2013

2014

1998

Current release

3.1, August 2021

2.7.5, January 2024

2.1.12, February 2017

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Node.js

JavaScript

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like data manipulation statements

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

JavaScript

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Sharding

in enterprise version only

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

none

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

simple rights management via user accounts

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

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