DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Spatial extension of H2

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#372	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	4.92
Rank	#73	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	0.12
Rank	#344	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

www.h2gis.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

CNRS

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2013

2012

2009

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

based on H2

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

yes

based on H2

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

based on H2

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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