DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. HarperDB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. HarperDB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Data logging and graphing tool for time series data

The storage layer (fixed size database) is called Whisper

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	3.58
Rank	#92	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	4.75
Rank	#75	Overall
	#5	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#252	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	4.94
Rank	#72	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/graphite-project/graphite-web

www.harperdb.io

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

graphite.readthedocs.io

docs.harperdb.io/docs

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Chris Davis

HarperDB

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2015

2006

2017

2016

Current release

3.1, August 2021

7.6.0, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Python

Node.js

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix

Linux
OS X

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

HTTP API
Sockets

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

none

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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