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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.03
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score61.90
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score45.84
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP
Initial release201220101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release16.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC
Server operating systemshostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestrictednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftGoogle BigQueryPostgreSQLSAP HANA
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