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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.70
Rank#36  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score62.88
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score22.94
Rank#26  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#2  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­bigqueryazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)GoogleMicrosoft
Initial release201220102014
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC
Server operating systemshostedhostedhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestrictednoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptJavaScript
TriggersnonoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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