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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used RDBMSIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.63
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.50
Rank#166  Overall
#29  Document stores
#27  Key-value stores
#76  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.47
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.oracle.com/­databaseoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaseoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBOracleTobias Oetiker
Initial release20122013201319801999
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.2.28, November 202023c, September 20231.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++C and C++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducein SQL-layer onlyPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaFoundationDBOracleRRDtool
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