DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	134.78
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	22.71
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Elastic

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2010

2016

2014

Current release

8.6, January 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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